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STI Prevention and Risks of Unprotected Sex

How to prevent an STI?

There are many misconceptions about how STIs are contracted. STIs are primarily transmitted through contact between mucous membranes located in the penis, vagina, anus, and throat. Other transmission routes include blood, vaginal fluid, and semen. The highest risk of contracting an STI occurs when mucous membranes come into unprotected contact during sexual activities.

Ways to prevent an STI:

  • By only caressing, kissing, cuddling, or masturbating your partner.
  • By using a condom during oral sex.
  • By using a dental dam during oral sex on a woman or during rimming.
  • By using a condom during vaginal penetration.
  • By using a condom during anal penetration.
  • By ensuring that you and your steady partner are STI-free and that neither of you has unsafe sex with others.

What are the risks of unprotected sex?

The greatest risks of unprotected sex are contracting an STI or an unwanted pregnancy. The most common risks in the Netherlands per sexual activity are:

  • Kissing: Risk of herpes if the partner has a cold sore.
  • Handjobs or fingering: Safe for HIV and other STIs if you wash your hands before touching your own genitals.
  • Oral sex: Low chance of contracting HIV unless semen or menstrual blood enters the mouth, higher chance of other STIs such as gonorrhea, hepatitis B, chlamydia, and syphilis.
  • Rimming: High risk of hepatitis A and B, and other STIs if the tongue contacts the mucous membranes of the anus.
  • Unprotected penetration: Risk of HIV and other STIs for both partners during vaginal or anal penetration without a condom.